Understanding Texas Community Property Laws in Estate Planning
If you’re married and live in Texas, you’ve probably heard the term “community property” before. But what does it actually mean when it comes to your estate plan—and your legacy?
Here at Misteli Law, I typically speak with couples who think everything will go to their spouse or kids automatically. But in Texas, what’s "yours, mine, and ours" can get complicated without a proper plan.
Let’s break down what community property means in Texas, how it affects your estate, and what you can do to make sure your wishes—and your loved ones—are protected.
What Is Community Property in Texas?
Texas is one of just nine community property states in the U.S. That means anything you and your spouse acquire during your marriage (money, property, retirement accounts, even debt) is generally considered community property, or jointly owned.
There’s also something called separate property, which includes:
- Property you owned before marriage
- Inheritances or gifts given specifically to you
- Certain personal injury settlements
- Property you bought with separate funds
So, let’s say you bought a house together after getting married? That’s community property.
Inherited a piece of land from your grandma before you got married? That’s separate property (unless you’ve mixed it in with joint funds—more on that later).
Why This Matters for Estate Planning
Here’s where things get real. When you pass away in Texas, your community and separate property are treated differently when it comes to who gets what.
If you don’t have an estate plan:
The Texas intestate succession laws kick in. These laws divide your property based on a legal formula and it may not match what you actually want.
For example, if you pass away without a will and leave behind a spouse and children from a previous marriage, your half of the community property goes to your children, not your surviving spouse. That could leave your spouse in a bind, especially if you both relied on those assets.
If you have an estate plan:
You can take control and decide exactly how you want your property divided. But it still helps to understand what’s legally yours to give—and what’s not.
Common Misunderstandings (and How to Avoid Trouble)
I’ve seen a lot of well-meaning folks get tripped up by community property laws, especially in second marriages or blended families. Here are a few common scenarios:
“Everything We Have Is Joint, So It All Goes to My Spouse, Right?”
Not necessarily. Even if you and your spouse share everything, Texas law says you each only own half of your community property. If you don’t have a will, your half could go to your kids, even if your spouse is still living in the house or needs those assets to get by.
Fix it: A clear will or trust can direct your share of the property wherever you want it to go, whether that’s to your spouse, your children, or split between them.
“I Want to Make Sure My Kids from a Previous Marriage Are Taken Care Of.”
This is a big one. In blended families, if everything goes to your spouse first, they can legally change their will later and leave nothing to your children from a previous marriage. I've seen this cause major heartbreak.
Fix it: Use estate planning tools like marital trusts or life estates to make sure your surviving spouse is supported, while still guaranteeing your kids receive part of your legacy when the time comes.
“We Got Married Later in Life—Can I Keep My Property Separate?”
Yes—but you’ll need to be careful. If you brought significant assets into the marriage and want them to remain separate, you can do that. But here’s the catch: once you mix separate property with joint accounts or use it to buy shared assets, it can be hard to prove it’s still yours.
Fix it: Keep detailed records and talk to an estate planning attorney about using separate property agreements or partition agreements to keep things clean.
How to Plan Around Community Property in Texas
If you’re starting or updating your estate plan, here are a few key things to think about:
1. Know What You Own—and How You Own It
Start by taking stock of your property so you know where you stand.
- What’s community property?
- What’s separate property?
- Do you have documentation (like deeds, account statements, or gift letters) to back it up?
2. Use Wills and Trusts to Spell It All Out
Don’t rely on Texas’s default rules to “sort it out.” Use a will to state who gets what—or better yet, use a revocable living trust to avoid probate altogether.
Trusts are especially helpful for:
- Protecting children from previous marriages
- Avoiding probate delays
- Keeping sensitive family details private
- Managing complex property or business interests
3. Consider a Marital Property Agreement
Texas allows married couples to sign a marital property agreement that says, “This asset is mine, and this one is yours.” These can be signed before (prenup) or after marriage (postnup), and they’re powerful tools when used correctly.
They’re beneficial in second marriages or when one spouse brings significantly more assets to the relationship.
4. Plan for What Happens if One of You Becomes Incapacitated
Community property rules also affect what happens before someone dies. If your spouse becomes seriously ill or loses capacity, you’ll need legal authority to manage their half of the community property. With a proper estate plan, you can use powers of attorney and advance directives to ensure that each spouse can act on the other’s behalf in case of emergency.
5. Keep Beneficiaries Updated
Make sure your wills, trusts, retirement accounts, and life insurance policies are all aligned. If you name your spouse as a beneficiary but your will says something different, it can cause confusion or even court battles.
I’ve seen more than a few folks forget to update a retirement account after remarriage and that money ended up going to an ex. Ouch.
A Quick Word About Inheritance in Texas
One important note: inheritances are considered separate property in Texas, even if received during the marriage. But they can become community property if you commingle the funds with joint assets.
So, what happens if you inherit money from a parent and immediately deposit it into a joint bank account? You might accidentally turn that inheritance into community property.
If you want to keep inherited assets separate for your children or personal use, talk to an estate planning attorney before you move that money around.
Final Thoughts from Tom
I know this stuff can feel overwhelming. Property laws, inheritance rights, community vs. separate—it’s enough to make your head spin.
But here’s what I want you to remember: you don’t have to do it alone. And the earlier you start planning, the easier it is to protect what matters most.
Whether you’re newly married, entering a second marriage, or just want to make sure your plan reflects your wishes, understanding Texas community property law is a huge part of getting it right.
Your estate plan isn’t just about documents—it’s about love, fairness, and peace of mind for the people you care about most.
----
For more on Texas estate planning, and to learn about estate planning lawyer Tom Misteli and The Misteli Law Firm, visit
www.mistelilaw.com.
This blog post is advertising and in no way constitutes legal advice or the formation of an attorney-client relationship.


